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Data Interpretation std 12 gseb


Table Bar Chart
Table chart slide template. Business data. Graph, diagram, design. Creative concept for infographics, report. Can be used for topics like economics, analysis, planningbar graph columns blank
Pie ChartLine Graph
Pie ChartLine Graph

To begin with, let’s take a quick look at the main differences and similarities among tables, graphs and charts. While tables present information about different categories mainly in columns and rows, bar charts present the information in two axes: the values are given along one axis and each bar represents what is being measured along the other axis. It is often possible to turn tables into charts, but sometimes the categories are too different to do this. A pie chart is another way of presenting information, but here each segment is a percentage of a whole. Together they represent 100%. Last but not least, line graphs show how data change over time.

When approaching the Academic version of Writing Task 1, it’s important that you introduce the visual data by using one of the following phrases or collocations:

  • According to the table/ graph/chart…
  • The table/graph/chart shows…
  • The table/graph/chart illustrates…
  • Looking at the table/chart/graph, it can be seen that…
  • The table/graph/chart provides information about…

After introducing the visual data, you will be expected to describe the main trends presented in the table, graph and/or chart. Below are different phrases and collocations that you can use to describe a variety of trends:

 

upward arrowdown arrow 2up down arrows
  • a significant increase 
  • a considerable growth 
  • to increase dramatically 
  • to rise sharply 
  • to show an upward trend 
  • a sharp fall 
  • a significant drop 
  • to decline sharply 
  • to show a downward trend 
  • to hit the lowest point 
  • to reach a peak/high 
  • at its peak 
  • all-time peak 
  • to rise towards its peak 
  • past its peak 

 

up down up arrowsright facing arrowsquiggly arrow up
  • a considerable variation
  • a slight fluctuation
  • to vary considerably
  • to show some fluctuation
  • a period of stability
  • to remain stable
  • to remain constant
  • to reach a plateau
  • to level off
  • to flatten out

Now, let’s take a look at some collocations and phrases used more specifically to talk about percentages and values being compared with each other, both of which are common features of tables and charts:

PercentagesComparisons
  • a large/small percentage
  • an estimated percentage
  • a significant percentage
  • an average percentage
  • the highest/lowest percentage
  • just under/over __% (per cent)
  • a __% (per cent) increase/decrease in…







  • there are considerable differences in…
  • to be slightly higher/lower than…
  • to be significantly higher/lower than…
  • two/three/four times higher/lower than…
  • to be closely followed by…
  • to remain the highest/lowest




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